FLUNEXT transcriptome analysis. Homo sapiens

Influenza virus infections remain a major public health burden. The intrinsic ever-evolving nature of this virus, the suboptimal efficacy of recent influenza inactivated vaccines, as well as the emergence of resistance against a limited antiviral arsenal, highlight the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches to treat influenza infections. Here, we exploited in vivo transcriptomic signatures of infection, directly obtained from a patient’s cohort to identify in silico a list of marketed drugs with signatures that counteracted that of the infection state. Overall design: Nasal swabs were collected from patients infected with influenza H1N1 virus, either at inclusion (before any antiviral treatment, Infected status), or 3 month after recovery (Cured status). Total RNA was extracted from nasal swabs collected into RNAlater buffer, and subsequently analyzed by microarray.