THERMAL RADIATION AND PLANCK’S FORMULA

In this paper, theoretical and experimental research on blackbody thermal radiation is discussed and historically ordered. The main thermal radiation equations following Planck’s revolutionary idea are obtained using the formalism of statistical mechanics. These equations, already well known, are deduced in a very detailed and didactic way in order to facilitate the reader’s understanding. The consequent results of Planck’s formula for blackbody radiation are analyzed: the limits of the average energy for frequencies tending to zero and infinity, Stefan’s law and Wien’s displacement law.本文按历史时序梳理并探讨了黑体热辐射（blackbody thermal radiation）的理论与实验研究工作。本文借助统计力学（statistical mechanics）的形式化体系，推导得到了基于普朗克革命性构想的核心热辐射方程。针对这些广为人知的方程，本文以极为详尽且兼具教学指导性的方式展开推导，以期助力读者更好地理解相关内容。此外，本文还对普朗克黑体辐射公式的衍生推论进行了分析，涵盖频率分别趋近于零与无穷大时的平均能量极限、斯特藩定律（Stefan’s law）以及维恩位移定律（Wien’s displacement law）。