Calving Front Dataset for Marine-Terminating Glaciers in Svalbard 1985-2023

Svalbard has experienced increased climate variability as a result of global warming, leading to significant mass loss in its marine-terminating glaciers over recent decades. Nevertheless, the mechanisms driving this mass loss remain less understood, primarily due to a limited understanding of calving dynamics. Here we present a new high-resolution calving front dataset of 149 marine-terminating glaciers in Svalbard, comprising 124919 glacier calving front positions during the period of 1985-2023. This dataset was generated using a novel automated deep learning framework and multiple optical and SAR satellite images from Landsat, Terra-ASTER, Sentinel-2, and Sentinel-1 satellite missions. The information regarding the glacier calving front terminal traces, glacier centrelines, glacier domains, fjord masks and the along-centreline glacier calving front change time series is consolidated into a single Geopackage file named "Svalbard_Calving_Front_Product.gpkg." The specific file structure for this data file is detailed in Table 1, and the feature attribute table for the different data layers recorded in this data file can be found in Table 2. Furthermore, we have included spatial distribution map plots of the glacier calving front traces and line plots depicting the time series of calving front changes for each individual glacier. These plots are provided in .PNG file format and can be accessed within the Figures folder. Table 1. The layer structure of the Svalbard calving front data product. Layer Name Details traces Line geometries recording the terminal traces of all the glaciers (EPSG:3995). centrelines Line geometries recording the glacier centrelines used in calving front change estimation (EPSG:3995). domains Polygon geometries recording the glacier domains (EPSG:3995). fjord_masks Polygon geometries recording the fjord masks (EPSG:3995). front_change_time_series Point geometries recording the along-centreline glacier calving front change time series (EPSG:4326). Table 2. The feature attribute table of the data layer. Data Field Description Glacier The Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) version 6 (RGI Consortium, 2017) glacier id. Sensor The satellite platform used in mapping glacier calving front, including “Landsat”, “Terra-ASTER”, “Sentinel2” and “Sentinel1”. ImageId The image id of the satellite image used in mapping the glacier calving front. DateString The datetime string of the satellite image in the format of “YYYYMMDD”. CFL_Change The calving front location (CFL) changes in meters along the glacier centreline in relation to the earliest calving front location in the time series. glacier_lat The latitude of the glacier location (WGS84 coordinate system). glacier_lon The longitude of the glacier location (WGS84 coordinate system).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了斯瓦尔巴群岛1985年至2023年间149个海洋性冰川的高分辨率冰裂前缘数据，包含124,919个位置记录，通过自动化深度学习框架结合多源卫星图像生成。数据集以Geopackage文件形式整合了冰川终端痕迹、中心线、区域、峡湾掩膜和沿中心线的冰裂前缘变化时间序列，并附有空间分布图和时间序列图，用于研究冰川变化机制。