Comparison of disability services in the six largest cities

Number of customers, services and costs of services with disabilities in the six largest cities in Finland since 2004. Since 2017, the data has been combined with a comparison of mental disability care. The examinations of the number of customers, services and costs of services for disabled persons in the six largest cities in Finland are limited to both services under the Act on Special Care for Persons with intellectual disabilities (519/1977) and services intended for persons with disabilities, focusing on those laid down in the Act on Services and Support Measures based on Disability (380/1987). Persons with intellectual disabilities may receive priority services on the basis of, for example, the Social Welfare Act (1301/2014), the Child Care Act (36/1973) and the Health Care Act (1326/2010). Turku’s data includes services in accordance with the Social Welfare Act. Services are also provided to persons with intellectual disabilities on the basis of the Act on Disability Services and Support Measures (380/1987), and these services are included in the section of disability services. In addition, short-term care for persons with intellectual disabilities related to the holidays of informal care allowance (Act 937/2005 on support for informal care) is included in the data of Vantaa and Turku and in Espoo’s data concerning own activities and one service provider. In Helsinki and Tampere, informal care leave are involved in their own activities. Transport services are also examined in accordance with the Social Welfare Act (SHL, 1301/2014), as this service affects the use of transport services under the Disability Services Act. The service packages included are personal assistance, outpatient care services (transport services, housing support services and work and day activities), 24-hour housing services, family care for people with intellectual disabilities and institutional care for people with intellectual disabilities. The sixth cities are made up of the six most populous cities in Finland. The six cities in the order of the population include Helsinki, Espoo, Tampere, Vantaa, Turku and Oulu. The six working groups compare the social and health services of cities and early childhood education and care services. Data on customer numbers, performances, personnel and costs are mainly compiled from municipalities’ own information systems and financial statements. City experts agree on as uniform definitions as possible for data collection and implement the data collection in practice.芬兰六大城市自2004年起的残疾人服务受众规模、服务项目及服务成本数据集。 自2017年起，该数据集纳入了精神残疾照护的对比分析内容。 本次针对芬兰六大城市残疾人服务受众规模、服务项目及服务成本的统计范围，限定为《智力障碍者特别护理法》（Act on Special Care for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities，519/1977）规制的服务，以及以《残疾人服务与支持措施法》（Act on Services and Support Measures based on Disability，380/1987）规定内容为核心的残疾人服务两类。 智力障碍者可依据《社会福利法》（Social Welfare Act，1301/2014）、《儿童保育法》（Child Care Act，36/1973）及《医疗保健法》（Health Care Act，1326/2010）等法规享受优先服务。图尔库的数据集包含符合《社会福利法》要求的服务项目；同时，依据《残疾人服务与支持措施法》为智力障碍者提供的服务也被纳入残疾人服务类目。此外，万塔与图尔库的数据集，以及埃斯波涉及自身运营及单一服务提供商的相关数据中，均纳入了与非正式护理津贴假期相关的智力障碍者短期照护服务（依据《非正式护理支持法》（Act on Support for Informal Care，937/2005））。赫尔辛基与坦佩雷的数据集则将自身运营范畴内的非正式护理休假相关内容纳入统计。此外，交通服务也依据《社会福利法》（Social Welfare Act，SHL，1301/2014）进行统计，因该类服务会影响《残疾人服务法》（Disability Services Act）框架下交通服务的使用情况。 本次统计涵盖的服务包包括：个人协助服务、门诊护理服务（含交通服务、住房支持服务及工作与日间活动服务）、24小时住房服务、智力障碍者家庭照护服务以及智力障碍者机构照护服务。 本次统计涉及的六大城市为芬兰人口规模排名前六的城市，按人口排序依次为赫尔辛基、埃斯波、坦佩雷、万塔、图尔库与奥鲁。六个工作组负责对比各城市的社会与健康服务及幼儿教育与照护服务。受众规模、服务绩效、人员配置及成本相关数据主要来源于各自治市的自有信息系统与财务报表。各城市的专家已就数据收集的统一定义达成共识，并在实际中落实了数据采集工作。