Distinct gut microbial signatures, ecological networks, and metabolic potential characterize multidimensional healthy aging in community-dwelling older adults

This dataset contains a comprehensive, ASV-level microbiota profile from a cohort study of 1016 community-dwelling older adults in China, stratified by multidimensional healthy aging (HA) status. Data are provided as an R phyloseq object (.rds` format), integrating:

ASV Abundance Table (otu_table): A high-resolution Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV) count matrix (samples × ASVs).
Taxonomic Assignment (tax_table): A 7-rank taxonomic classification (Domain to Species) for each ASV.
De-identified Sample Metadata (sam_data): A curated dataframe containing all variables essential for replication of the published analyses. This includes:

Primary exposure: HA_Status (Healthy Aging / Usual Aging).
Key covariates: Age, Sex, BMI, and other relevant sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors (as adjusted for in the original study).
Sample identifiers and sequencing run information.
Phylogenetic Tree (phy_tree): A phylogenetic tree of ASV sequences for phylogenetic diversity calculations (e.g., UniFrac).
This curated phyloseq object enables full re-analysis of the study's core findings, including community structure (alpha/beta diversity), differential abundance testing, ecological network inference, and functional prediction. The data are sufficient to regenerate all microbiome-centric results and figures in the associated publication, providing a transparent and reproducible foundation for the conclusions on gut microbial signatures in healthy aging.