The Genus Epipactis Zinn (Orchidaceae) in the Komi Republic

The point set contains data on the distribution of Epipactis species in the Komi Republic. Epipactis Zinn is mostly a Eurasian genus with a south central distribution. According to recent classification, the genus is divided into two monophyletic sister sections, distinguished based on the shape and color of the lip, the gynostemium structure, and the presence and shape of papillae and hairs; it presently contains 59 species clustered in 8 groups (Delforge, 2006). In the territory of the Komi Republic genus is represented by three species – Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser, E. helleborine (L.) Crantz and E. palustris (L.) Crantz. The dark red helleborine, E. atrorubens, is a perennial orchid species, which is widely distributed across Europe and extending to the Ural Mountains in Asia and western Siberia (Efimov, 2004). In the Komi Republic, the species is on its northern distribution border. It grows on outcrops of carbonate rocks in the Timan Range, in the North and Sub-Polar Urals (Teteryuk, Kirillova, 2011). The plant prefers open slide limestone slopes, pine and larch forests with close begging of the calcium-containing rocks. The broad-leaved helleborine, E. helleborine, is a Eurasian species (Kolanowska, 2013) introduced in the 19th century to several regions of North America. It usually grows in deciduous and coniferous forest communities, on edges and in clearings in woodland (Delforge, 2006). In the Komi Republic the species is found in the South of the region. It prefers moist mixed forests and forest bogs (Teteryuk, Kirillova, 2011). The marsh helleborine, E. palustris, is a perennial summer-green orchid of Central Asia and Europe and inhabits lowlands and habitats up to 2000 m a. s. l. (Baum, 1998). Only two locations of this species are known in the Komi Republic.本数据集收录科米共和国（Komi Republic）内火烧兰属（Epipactis Zinn）物种的分布数据。火烧兰属多为欧亚分布属，其分布中心位于欧亚大陆中南部。根据最新分类系统，该属依据唇瓣的形态与颜色、蕊柱（gynostemium）结构、乳突（papillae）与毛被的有无及形态，被划分为两个单系姊妹分支；截至2006年，该属共包含59个物种，归为8个类群（Delforge, 2006）。科米共和国境内现有该属3个物种记录：暗赤火烧兰（Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser）、大叶火烧兰（E. helleborine (L.) Crantz）与沼生火烧兰（E. palustris (L.) Crantz）。 暗赤火烧兰（E. atrorubens，俗称暗红火烧兰）为多年生兰科植物，自然分布范围覆盖欧洲，向东延伸至亚洲乌拉尔山脉与西西伯利亚地区（Efimov, 2004）。在科米共和国境内，该物种处于其分布北界。其常生长于季曼岭、北乌拉尔与亚极地乌拉尔的碳酸盐岩露头地带，偏好向阳石灰岩陡坡、松林与落叶松林，且紧邻钙质岩石出露区域（Teteryuk, Kirillova, 2011）。 大叶火烧兰（E. helleborine，俗称宽叶火烧兰）为欧亚广布物种（Kolanowska, 2013），并于19世纪被引种至北美多个区域。该物种多生于针阔混交林群落、林缘与林间空地（Delforge, 2006）。在科米共和国境内，该物种仅分布于区域南部，偏好湿润的针阔混交林与森林沼泽生境（Teteryuk, Kirillova, 2011）。 沼生火烧兰（E. palustris，俗称沼生火烧兰）为分布于中亚与欧洲的多年生夏绿兰科植物，栖息于海拔2000米以下的低地与各类生境（Baum, 1998）。目前科米共和国境内仅记录到该物种的2个分布点。