Rootstock-dependent responses of Monastrell grape ripening and phenolic traits to moderate cluster-zone warming in a semi-arid vineyard

This dataset contains the minimal data required to reproduce the main results, tables and figures presented in the manuscript “Rootstock-dependent responses of Monastrell grape ripening and phenolic traits to moderate cluster-zone warming in a semi-arid vineyard”. The data were collected during the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons in a field-grown Monastrell vineyard under a factorial experimental design including two temperature regimes (Control and moderate cluster-zone warming, HT) and two rootstocks (110R and 140Ru). Measurements were taken at key phenological stages (end-veraison, mid-ripening, and harvest). The dataset includes: high-frequency (10-min interval) time series of cluster-zone air temperature and berry temperature, allowing the calculation of thermal exposure metrics derived variables such as berry growing degree-days (GDD), cumulative hours within specific temperature thresholds, and temperature differentials between berry and air berry growth and morphological parameters (e.g. berry weight, tissue proportions, dry matter) technological ripening variables (total soluble solids, titratable acidity, organic acids, maturity index) phenolic and colour-related variables, including anthocyanins, tannins, total phenolics, and colour indices supplementary variables used in exposure–response analyses Temperature data were recorded at high temporal resolution and subsequently processed to obtain daily summaries and thermal exposure metrics. Derived variables (e.g. maturity index, skin/pulp ratio) were calculated following standard definitions, as described in the associated manuscript. The dataset is organised into thematic sheets corresponding to the main analytical blocks (temperature microclimate, berry growth, ripening, phenolics, and exposure–response analyses). Missing values are indicated where variables were not measured at a given sampling stage. This dataset supports reproducibility of the study results and can be reused for analyses of grapevine thermal exposure, ripening dynamics, and rootstock × temperature interactions under semi-arid conditions.