Demographic, clinical and laboratory features of children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection and in whom samples were available for the current study.

In parenthesis percent of number studied, unless otherwise indicated.1: Chi-square or Fischer test and two-tailed Student t-test or Mann-Whitney test comparing HIV groups.2: Chi-square or Fischer test and two-tailed Student t-test or Mann-Whitney test comparing 9-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV9) and placebo arms.3Gender: HIV-infected overall female vs. male: 45.1% vs. 54.9%, p = 0.001; HIV-infected PCV9 female vs. male: 41.0% vs. 59.1%, p4Axillary temperature: 813 patients with available information; HIV-infected 286; HIV-uninfected 527.5Fever: 1451 patients with available information; HIV-infected 513; HIV-uninfected 938.6Vomit: 1455 patients with available information; HIV-infected 514; HIV-uninfected 941.7Seizures: 1447 patients with available information; HIV-infected 511; HIV-uninfected 936.8Cyanosis: 1454 patients with available information; HIV-infected 513; HIV-uninfected 941.9Oxygen saturation: 1441 patients with available information; HIV-infected 506; HIV-uninfected 935.10Respiratory rate: 1446 patients with available information; HIV-infected 515; HIV-uninfected 930.11World Health Organization (WHO) severe pneumonia definition: 904 patients with available information; HIV-infected 336; HIV-uninfected 568.12Wheezing: 1458 patients with available information; HIV-infected 517; HIV-uninfected 941.13Mechanical ventilation: 1439 patients with available information; HIV-infected 509; HIV-uninfected 930. At the time of the study it was current practice not to offer ventilation to severe AIDS patients.14Alveolar consolidation on chest x-ray (AC-CXR): 1285 patients with available information; HIV-infected 438; HIV-uninfected 847.15C-reactive protein (CRP): 1035 patients with available information; HIV-infected 411; HIV-uninfected 624.16Procalcitonin (PCT): 865 patients with available information; HIV-infected 310; HIV-uninfected 555.17White cell count (WCC): 209 patients with available information; HIV-infected 95; HIV-uninfected 114.18Bacteria infections: overall 1367 patients had blood specimens available for culture, 486 HIV-infected and 881 HIV-uninfected. Bacteria isolated from HIV-infected children included: Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 16), Escherichia coli (n = 9), Salmonella sp (n = 5), Streptococcus viridans (n = 2), Haemophilus influenzae type b (n = 1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 1), Haemophilus parainfluenzae (n = 1), Citrobacter freundii (n = 1), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 1) and other Streptococcus (n = 1). Bacteria isolated from HIV-uninfected children included: Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 8), Haemophilus influenzae type b (n = 3), Streptococcus viridans (n = 3), Escherichia coli (n = 2), Klebsiella sp. (n = 2), Salmonella sp (n = 1), Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 1), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 1), Enterococcus faecalis (n = 1), Micrococcus (n = 1) and Neisseria meningitidis (n = 1). Further 64 (62.7% of all bacteria isolated) and 107 (81.7% of all bacteria isolated) contaminants were cultured in HIV-infected and -uninfected children, respectively.