Multi-sensor Earth Observation dataset of the southeastern Transition Zone of the Salar de Atacama (Chile): PSI deformation, Sentinel-1 backscatter and Sentinel-2 reflectance, 2015–2025

This dataset supports the article "Hydrogeomorphic dynamics of the Salar de Atacama's Southeastern Transition Zone revealed by Earth Observation" (submitted to the Journal of South American Earth Sciences). It contains the processed Earth Observation products and code used to characterize the spatial organization and temporal dynamics of the Transition Zone between the halite Nucleus and the clastic Margin of the southeastern Salar de Atacama, northern Chile. Contents PSI mean vertical velocity (mm/yr) from 383 Sentinel-1 ascending acquisitions (2015–2025), processed with the GAMMA IPTA module; LOS converted to vertical assuming no horizontal motion. Sentinel-1 VV backscatter (σ⁰, dB) time series for the 12 areas of interest (AOIs), per acquisition and orbit (median, P10, P25, P75, P90), 2017–2025, from Google Earth Engine (COPERNICUS/S1_GRD). Sentinel-2 L2A monthly surface reflectance (B4, B8, B11, B12) time series per AOI, 2017–2025. Geometries of the 12 AOIs and the seven profiles A–G (GeoPackage). Profile data sampled along A–G (PSI velocity, spectral indices, elevation). Spatial reference: WGS 84 / UTM zone 19S (EPSG:32719). Not included: daily precipitation from the KCL station, which is property of Sociedad Química y Minera (SQM), which is available at https://www.sqmsenlinea.com/. Raw Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 and Copernicus DEM data are freely available from the Copernicus programme. Funding: EU Horizon Europe, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Doctoral Network SMILE, grant agreement 101073281.