Long-term composited Enhanced Normalized Difference Impervious Surface Index (ENDISI) for the greater Phoenix, Arizona, USA, metropolitan area and the surrounding Sonoran desert derived from annual and seasonal Landsat imagery, 1998 to 2023

This data package consists of multiple decades of Enhanced Normalized Difference Impervious Surface Index (ENDISI) raster data across the Central Arizona-Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research (CAP LTER) study area within metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona, USA, temporally aggregated by year and by four meteorological seasons (winter, spring, summer, fall). To serve as a proxy measurement of impervious surface and urbanization across years and seasons, we derived values of ENDISI – following the methods of Chen et al. 2019 – from annual and seasonal composites of 30-m resolution Landsat 5-9 Level-2 Surface Reflectance imagery. Finally, we exported images as individual GeoTIFF raster files, each with five bands corresponding values summarized annually (band 1) and seasonally (bands 2-5). All imagery retrieval and data processing were completed with Google Earth Engine (Gorelick et al. 2017) and program R. A complete description of data processing methods, including the aggregation of imagery by year and season and the calculation of the spectral index, can be found in the data package metadata (see 'Methods and Protocols') and accompanying Javascript code.

### citations

- Gorelick N, Hancher M, Dixon M, et al. (2017) Google Earth Engine: Planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone. Remote Sensing of Environment 202:18–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.031