Effective repair of endometrial injury in rats using enzyme cross-linked gelatin hydrogel with human menstrual blood-derived stem cells

The intact endometrium is critical for zygote implant and embryonic development. We found that gelatin hydrogel loaded with menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheroids effectively repaired endometrial injury in a rat model and improved fertility. To investigate this further, RNA sequencing was used to examine the differences between hydrogel-only repair, hydrogel loaded with single cells, and hydrogel loaded with cell spheroids. RNA-seq analysis of uterine tissue after 14 days of treatment in the rat model of endometrial physical injury, comparing the sham surgery group and the groups treated with different repair methods (gelatin hydrogel, gelatin hydrogel loaded with menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and gelatin hydrogel loaded with menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheroids).