Impact Evaluation - Engaging Men Through Accountable Practice. Baseline Survey 2021 - Congo, Dem. Rep.

Abstract
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The study objective was to understand the effectiveness of Engaging Men through Accountable Practice (EMAP), a men-only group-based discussion series which sought to transform gender relations in communities, on intimate partner violence (IPV), gender inequitable attitudes and related outcomes.

A two-armed, matched-pair, cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted between 2016 and 2018 in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Adult men (n=1387) and their female partners (n=1220) participated in the study. The primary outcomes of the study were female report of past year physical and/ or sexual IPV and men’s intention to commit violence. Secondary outcomes included men’s gender attitudes, women’s economic and emotional IPV, women’s perception of negative male behaviors and perceived quality of the relationship.

Men in EMAP reported significant reductions in intention to commit violence (ß=-0.76; SE=0.23; p<0.01), decreased agreement with any reason that justifies wife beating (OR=0.59; SE=0.08; p<0.01) and increased agreement with the ability of a woman to refuse sex for all reasons (OR=1.47; SE=0.24; p<0.05), compared with men in the control group. We found no statistically significant differences in women’s experiences of IPV between treatment and control group at follow-up (physical or sexual IPV: adjusted OR=0.95; SE=0.14; p=0.71). However, female partners of men in EMAP reported significant improvements to the quality of relationship (ß=0.28; p<0.05) and significant reductions in negative male behavior (ß=-0.32; p<0.01).

Interventions engaging men have the potential to change gender attitudes and behaviors in conflict-affected areas. However, while EMAP led to changes in gender attitudes and behaviors related to perpetration of IPV, the study showed no overall reduction of women’s experience of IPV. Further research is needed to understand how working with men may lead to long- term and meaningful changes in IPV and related gender equitable attitudes and behaviors in conflict areas.

Geographic coverage
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The study sample covers 28 communities across North and South Kivu provinces, DRC.

Analysis unit
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Households, Individuals

Sampling procedure
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A two-armed, matched-pair, cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted between 2016 and 2018 in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Adult men (n=1387) and their female partners (n=1220) participated in the study. Sites were elected based on where IRC’s women’s empowerment programming was operational and were subsequently matched based on sociodemographic characteristics. Within each pair of villages, one site was randomized to either treatment or control arms.

Sampling deviation
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Due to security concerns and ongoing armed clashes, baseline data collection was halted in one treatment and one control site in North Kivu (belonging to the same pair), resulting in a final sample of 28 communities (14 control and 14 treatment).

Mode of data collection
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Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument
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Questionnaires are available for download in French.

摘要
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本研究旨在探究通过负责任实践参与男性（EMAP）项目，一项仅针对男性的基于小组的讨论系列，对于社区中亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）、性别不平等态度及其相关结果的影响有效性。
在2016年至2018年期间，在刚果民主共和国东部进行了一项双臂、匹配对子、集群随机对照试验。共有1387名成年男性及其1220名女性伴侣参与了本研究。研究的主要结果包括女性过去一年内报告的肉体和/或性暴力IPV以及男性实施暴力的意图。次要结果包括男性的性别态度、女性的经济和情感IPV、女性对负面男性行为的认知以及关系的感知质量。
与控制组男性相比，EMAP中的男性报告了实施暴力意图的显著降低（ß=-0.76；SE=0.23；p<0.01）、对任何合理理由支持妻子被打的同意度降低（OR=0.59；SE=0.08；p<0.01）以及增加了对女性出于任何理由拒绝性行为的能力的同意度（OR=1.47；SE=0.24；p<0.05）。然而，在随访时，我们发现治疗组和对照组女性在IPV经历上没有统计学上显著的差异（肉体或性暴力：调整后OR=0.95；SE=0.14；p=0.71）。然而，EMAP中男性的女性伴侣报告了关系质量的显著改善（ß=0.28；p<0.05）以及负面男性行为的显著减少（ß=-0.32；p<0.01）。
涉及男性的干预措施有可能改变冲突影响地区的性别态度和行为。然而，尽管EMAP导致了与实施IPV相关的性别态度和行为的改变，但本研究并未显示出女性IPV经历的总体减少。需要进一步的研究来理解如何通过与男性合作可能导致冲突地区的IPV及其相关性别平等态度和行为的长期且具有意义的改变。
地理覆盖范围
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本研究样本覆盖了刚果（金）北基伍省和南基伍省的28个社区。
分析单元
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家庭、个人
抽样程序
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在2016年至2018年期间，在刚果民主共和国东部进行了一项双臂、匹配对子、集群随机对照试验。共有1387名成年男性及其1220名女性伴侣参与了本研究。根据国际救援委员会（IRC）的女性赋权项目运营情况选择研究地点，并根据社会经济特征进行匹配。在每个村庄对中，随机选择一个地点分配给治疗组或对照组。
抽样偏差
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由于安全顾虑和持续的武装冲突，北基伍省的一个治疗和一个对照组的基线数据收集被暂停（属于同一对），导致最终样本为28个社区（14个对照组和14个治疗组）。
数据收集方式
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计算机辅助个人访谈 [capi]
研究工具
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问卷可供法语下载。