Operational Analysis of Forestry Transportation Using Self-loading Trucks in a Mountainous Region

ABSTRACT This research was conducted in wood harvesting and transportation areas in the mountainous region of Espírito Santo, Brazil, aiming to analyze the road transportation of forestry wood operations with self-loading trucks. The study identified and evaluated the times, average speed, mechanical availability, level of use and operating efficiency of three different designs of self-loading trucks. According to the results, there was no statistical difference between the vehicles regarding average speed. The highest mechanical availability was found in truck A (93.2%), followed by B (84.3%) and C (79.8%). The greater degree of utilization was found in truck B (91.8%), with little variation between vehicles C (90.0%) and A (89.9%). The highest operating efficiency was observed in truck A (83.9%), followed by B (77.4%) and C (71.8%). We concluded that self-loading truck A was the most efficient.摘要 本研究于巴西圣埃斯皮里图州（Espírito Santo）山区的木材采伐与运输区域开展，旨在分析配备自装载卡车（self-loading truck）的林业木材道路运输作业。本研究识别并评估了三款不同设计的自装载卡车的作业时长、平均车速、机械可用率、使用水平与运营效率。研究结果显示，各受试车辆的平均车速无统计学差异。机械可用率最高的为A款卡车（93.2%），其次为B款（84.3%）与C款（79.8%）。作业使用率最高的为B款卡车（91.8%），C款（90.0%）与A款（89.9%）的使用率差异较小。运营效率最高的为A款卡车（83.9%），其次为B款（77.4%）与C款（71.8%）。本研究最终得出结论：自装载卡车A的综合运营效率最优。