STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF CINDER LEACHING PROCESS WITH HYDROCHLORIC ACID

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of the process of cinder leaching with hydrochloric acid in order to determine the patterns of transition of target components from the solid phase into solution and to establish optimal technological parameters of the process. Particular attention is paid to studying the influence of hydrochloric acid concentration, temperature, and duration of processing on the leaching efficiency, the degree of recovery of useful components, and the completeness of chemical reactions. The effect of hydrochloric acid concentration on the cinder leaching process is examined. Changing the reagent concentration has a significant effect on the rate of interaction between the acid and the components of the solid material, the solubility of the corresponding compounds, and the degree of transition of target elements into the liquid phase. At an insufficient acid concentration, chemical interaction may proceed incompletely, which leads to a decrease in the degree of recovery of useful components. Increasing the reagent concentration, as a rule, contributes to the intensification of the process due to an increase in the number of active hydrogen ions in solution. At the same time, an excessive increase in acid concentration does not always provide a proportional increase in recovery, since the result depends on the mineral and chemical composition of the cinder, the nature of the compounds contained in it, and the characteristics of their interaction with the reagent. Therefore, determining a rational concentration of hydrochloric acid is of great importance for ensuring efficient reagent utilization and reducing operational costs.