An Interactive Sports Video Game as an Intervention for Rehabilitation of Community-Living Patients with Schizophrenia: A Controlled, Single-Blind, Crossover Study,Table 3.

Hypofrontality is a state of decreased cerebral blood flow in the prefrontal cortex during executive function performance; it is commonly observed in patients with schizophrenia. Cognitive dysfunction, as well as the psychological symptoms of schizophrenia, influences the ability of patients to reintegrate into society. The current study investigated the effects of an interactive sports video game (IVG; Nintendo Wii™ Sports Resort) on frontal lobe function of patients with schizophrenia. A sample of eight patients (6 male and 2 female; mean age = 46.7 years, standard deviation (SD) = 13.7) engaged in an IVG every week for 3 months in a controlled, single-blind, crossover study. Before and after the intervention we examined frontal lobe blood-flow volume using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and assessed functional changes using the Frontal Assessment Battery, Health-Related Quality of Life scale, and physical function tests. fNIRS revealed that prefrontal activity during IVG performance significantly increased in the IVG period compared with the control period. Furthermore, significant correlations between cerebral blood flow changes in different channels were observed during IVG performance. In addition, we observed intervention-related improvement in health-related quality of life following IVG. IVG intervention was associated with increased prefrontal cortex activation and improved health-related quality of life performance in patients with schizophrenia. Patients with chronic schizophrenia are characterized by withdrawal and a lack of social responsiveness or interest in others. Interventions using IVG may provide a useful low-cost rehabilitation method for such patients, without the need for specialized equipment.<br>前额叶低灌注（Hypofrontality）指个体在完成执行功能任务时，前额叶皮层脑血流量降低的状态，该现象常见于精神分裂症患者。认知功能障碍与精神分裂症的心理症状，均会损害患者的社会再融入能力。本研究探讨了交互式运动视频游戏（IVG；任天堂Wii™ Sports Resort）对精神分裂症患者额叶功能的影响。 本研究纳入8名精神分裂症患者（6名男性、2名女性；平均年龄46.7岁，标准差（standard deviation, SD）=13.7），采用对照单盲交叉设计，让受试者每周参与一次交互式运动视频游戏训练，持续3个月。干预前后，研究人员通过功能性近红外光谱技术（functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS）检测额叶血流量，并采用前额叶评估量表（Frontal Assessment Battery）、健康相关生活质量量表以及躯体功能测试对受试者的功能变化进行评估。 fNIRS检测结果显示，相较于对照期，受试者在交互式运动视频游戏训练期间的前额叶活动显著提升。此外，在游戏训练过程中，不同检测通道的脑血流量变化呈现显著相关性。同时，研究观察到交互式运动视频游戏干预后，受试者的健康相关生活质量得到了与干预相关的改善。 本研究结果表明，交互式运动视频游戏干预可提升精神分裂症患者的前额叶皮层激活水平，并改善其健康相关生活质量表现。慢性精神分裂症患者常表现为社交退缩、对他人缺乏回应意愿与兴趣。采用交互式运动视频游戏的干预手段，可为这类患者提供一种无需专业设备的低成本有效康复方案。