Annual fluxes (kg N ha−1 yr−1) as total dissolved nitrogen, N-NH4+, N-NO3− and dissolved organic nitrogen and effects of forest vertical structure on N fluxes in a Pleioblastus amarus bamboo forest.

Abbreviations: TDN = total dissolved nitrogen, DON = dissolved organic nitrogen, PP = precipitation, TF = throughfall, SF = stemflow, SR = surface runoff, FFL = forest floor leachate, SW1 = soil water at 40 cm belowground, SW2 = soil water at 100 cm belowground. SD in parentheses, n = 3. A positive value indicates the effect is increased, and a negative value indicates the decreased effect.