Develop an Individualized Mental Toughness Program for Hong Kong Non-Elite Shuttlecock Youth Athletes

This study aimed to
develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the first Individualized mental
toughness program on non-elite shuttlecock youth athletes in Hong Kong. The
program sought to identify the individual differences and to examine whether
the mental toughness program with increasing psychological resources and
exposure to high levels of pressure, may lead to greater mental toughness. A
total of 14 shuttlecock athletes, aged 16 - 23, and 1 head coach participated
in a 14-week intervention that combined psychological skills with pressure
training. A one-way repeated MANOVA (1 group x 2 time points) was applied to
examine the changes between pre and post data, athletes and their head coach's
data were analyzed separately. Results reported positive changes in mental
toughness and performance-related variables among the participants. However, statistical significance was found only in three of the evaluated
variables (detrimental mental toughness, passing errors, and mental toughness).
This study provided a process of assessment, intervention, and
evaluation for the individualized mental toughness
program.