Relative breeding timing and reproductive success of a resident montane bird species

The phenological match-mismatch hypothesis predicts that animals that better synchronize critical life history events with the peak availability of their primary food source should have higher fitness. If phenological match-mismatch determines breeding success, most individuals in a population may be expected to breed simultaneously within a given year because selection has favored mechanisms that allow for the tracking of optimal food abundance. Therefore, individuals that breed too early or too late relative to the bulk of the population (“peak” of breeding) should experience decreased fitness. Using 11 years of data, we investigated the effect of relative breeding timing on breeding success in resident mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli) across two elevations in the Sierra Nevada mountains, USA. Chickadees that bred during the peak of nesting did not have the highest breeding success; instead, birds that bred earliest performed best at high elevation, while at low elevation early a..., , , # Relative breeding timing and reproductive success of a resident montane bird species

Publication: Royal Society Open Science

File preparation date: 16 January 2024

Authors: Lauren E. Whitenack, Carrie L. Branch, Benjamin R. Sonnenberg, Angela M. Pitera, Joseph F. Welklin, Virginia K. Heinen, Lauren M. Benedict, Vladimir V. Pravosudov

Contact Lauren Whitenack at with questions

## Summary of data and code

This paper investigated the relationships between relative breeding timing and breeding success of mountain chickadees. The script includes code for all analyses and figures. The data used include reproductive data from high and low elevation sites and ages of individually-marked birds.

## Data file: mochlow\.csv

```
Summary: 11 years of breeding data from low elevation mountain chickadees at Sagehen Experimental Forest, CA, USA.
Each row contains data from a single nest associated with one season.
Column descriptions:
YEAR - Field season year
SEASON - Winter season preced...

物候匹配-失配假说（phenological match-mismatch hypothesis）预测，能够将关键生活史事件与主要食物资源的峰值可获得性更好同步的动物，其适合度更高。若物候匹配-失配情况决定繁殖成功率，那么种群中的多数个体应在给定年份同步繁殖——因为自然选择已青睐能够追踪食物丰度最优时段的机制。因此，相对于种群多数个体（即繁殖“峰值”）繁殖过早或过晚的个体，其适合度理应下降。

本研究依托11年的观测数据，在美国内华达山脉的两个海拔区域，探究了相对繁殖时机对居留性山地山雀（Poecile gambeli）繁殖成功率的影响。研究发现，在繁殖高峰期筑巢的山雀并未获得最高的繁殖成功率；与之相反，高海拔区域繁殖最早的个体表现最佳，而低海拔区域的早期繁殖者……

# 居留性山地鸟类的相对繁殖时机与繁殖成功率

## 论文信息
发表期刊：《皇家学会开放科学》（Royal Society Open Science）
文件筹备日期：2024年1月16日
作者：Lauren E. Whitenack、Carrie L. Branch、Benjamin R. Sonnenberg、Angela M. Pitera、Joseph F. Welklin、Virginia K. Heinen、Lauren M. Benedict、Vladimir V. Pravosudov
如有疑问，请联系Lauren Whitenack咨询

## 数据与代码摘要
本研究探讨了山地山雀相对繁殖时机与繁殖成功率之间的关联。所附脚本涵盖所有分析与图表制作代码。所用数据包含来自高低海拔样地的繁殖数据，以及个体标记鸟类的年龄信息。

## 数据文件：mochlow.csv

数据概要：来自美国加利福尼亚州塞奇亨实验林低海拔区域山地山雀的11年繁殖数据。
每一行对应单个繁殖季的单一鸟巢数据。
列字段说明：
YEAR - 野外调查季年份
SEASON - 前序冬季季……