Bacteroides inhibit adiposity

We have previously reported that Bacteroides 2 species, Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides dorei, protect against atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the impact of Bacteroides treatment on obesity to verified the further possibility of Bacteroides 2 species. Supplementation with Bacteroides spp. for diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice suppressed the weight gain and adiposity in brown adipose tissue BAT. The RNA-seq revealed Bacteroides treatment reduce inflamattory responce in BAT. This was followed by a decrease in the levels of plasma branched-chain a-keto acid (BCKA). Plasma BCKA demonstrated a significant correlation with body weight in not only DIO mice but in lean and obese human beings. We then studied the mechanisms underlying the relationship between BCKA catabolism and obesity. Body weight-dependent catabolic defect in BCKA was observed in BAT in the DIO mice. DIO mice gavaged with BT2, a pharmacological enhancer of BCKA catabolism, significantly decreased the gain in body weight and markedly reduced insulin resistance. Rectal temperature was higher in the DIO mice gavaged with BT2 after cold exposure. Additionally, BAT in DIO mice gavaged with BT2, improved the BCKA catabolism and increased the expression of uncoupling protein 1 in BAT as compared to that in the control group. We further investrigate the effect of Bacteroides-probiotics on the gut microbiota of obese patients in KUHIMM, and found that Bacteroides-probiotics could increase the abundance of Bacteroides 2 species.