Metagenomic data from samples collected on cruise Chikyu-331 in the Okinawa Trough, Japan from September to October 2010

<p>Next-generation sequencing data across a hydrothermal gradient; Okinawa Backarc Basin IODP 331 – subvent biosphere.&nbsp;The purpose these metagenomic data was to capture a distinct changeover of microbial assemblages between the mesophilic horizons above 10 mbsf and the hottest (55C) hydrothermal clay horizon. In this section of the dynamic Iheya North Hydrothermal system, the temperature gradient was estimated to be ~3C/m. These metagenomes provide functional evidence to this model, demonstrating that molecular signals represent a responsive microbial community to the increasingly demanding environmental conditions.</p>