Productivity and structural responses of Betula glandulosa in response to simulated browsing (0, 25% and 75% of shoots ≥5 cm stripped of their leaves) and fertilisation (natural level and addition of 10 g N m−2) during two years (2009–2010).

ANOVA results are based on linear mixed models with block (n = 5) and all interactions involving block as random factors and year as a repeated measure, except for leaf area, for which the analysis was only performed in 2010. Numbers in bold are statistically significant (α = 0.05).*Leaf biomass is estimated from point intercept on leaves.