Origin of the Adsorption-Controlled Redox Behavior of Quinone-Based Molecules: Importance of the Micropore Width (Supporting Information)

Redox-active organic materials have emerged as promising alternatives to inorganic electrode materials in electrochemical devices owing to advantages such as low cost and flexible design. However, the kinetics of their electrochemical reactions are typically slow due to the slow diffusion of organic materials dissolved in the electrolyte. Generally, peak separation of the redox reaction is observed (mass-transfer-controlled system), while no peak separation is obtained when the active molecules, such as high surface carbon material, are adsorbed onto the electrode material (adsorption-controlled system). Aromatic compounds confined in activated carbon (AC) micropores exhibit an adsorption-controlled reaction, improving the reaction kinetics. To elucidate this behavior, a well-defined and accurate understanding of the pore geometry is required. Although various synthetic techniques have been used to tune the micropore size, these afford different surface properties. This study reports an approach to achieve an adsorption-controlled redox reaction of quinone-based molecules and a tool to analyze their reaction environment. AC micropores sized

氧化还原活性有机材料凭借其低成本和灵活设计的优势，已逐渐成为电化学器件中无机电极材料的替代品。然而，由于溶解在电解质中的有机材料扩散速度较慢，其电化学反应动力学通常较慢。通常，在氧化还原反应中观察到峰值分离（质量传递控制系统），而当活性分子，如高表面积碳材料，吸附在电极材料上时（吸附控制系统），则没有峰值分离。被限制在活化碳（AC）微孔中的芳香族化合物表现出吸附控制反应，从而提高了反应动力学。为了阐明这一行为，需要具备对孔几何形状的明确和准确理解。尽管已采用多种合成技术来调节微孔尺寸，但这些技术提供了不同的表面性质。本研究报道了一种实现基于醌类分子吸附控制氧化还原反应的方法，以及一种分析其反应环境的工具。AC微孔尺寸为