Data for: Simultaneous subset tracing and miRNA profiling of tumor-derived exosomes via dual-surface-protein orthogonal barcoding

The clinical potential of miRNA-based liquid biopsy has been largely
limited by the heterogeneous sources in plasma and tedious assay
processes. Here we develop a precise and robust one-pot assay called
dual-surface-protein-guided orthogonal recognition of tumor-derived
exosomes and in-situ profiling of microRNAs (SORTER) to detect
tumor-derived exosomal miRNAs and enhance the diagnostic accuracy of
prostate cancer (PCa). The SORTER utilizes two allosteric aptamers against
exosomal marker CD63 and tumor marker EpCAM to create an orthogonal
labeling barcode and achieve selective sorting of tumor-specific exosome
subtypes. Furthermore, the labeled barcode on tumor-derived exosomes
initiated targeted membrane fusion with liposome probes to import miRNA
detection reagents, enabling in-situ sensitive profiling of tumor-derived
exosomal miRNAs. With a signature of six miRNAs, SORTER differentiated PCa
and benign prostatic hyperplasia with an accuracy of 100%. Notably, the
diagnostic accuracy reached 90.6% in the classification of metastatic and
non-metastatic PCa. We envision that the SORTER will promote the clinical
adaptability of miRNA-based liquid biopsy.