Data from: Topographic position index predicts within-field yield variation in a dryland cereal production system

We investigated drivers of sub-field spatial variability in yield for 3 crops (hard red winter wheat, <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. variety Langin; corn, <i>Zea mays</i> L.; and proso millet, <i>Panicum milaceum</i> L.) usings this multi-year dataset from a dryland research farm in northeastern Colorado, USA. The dataset spanned 18 2.6-4.3 ha management units collected over 4 years (2019-2022). The data includes high resolution topographic data collected via real-time kinematic GPS, densely sampled soil texture and chemical properties, and meteorological data from an on-site weather station.