"Literature-based evidence map of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll (2025\u20132026)"

"This study reviews the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of fucoidan derived from the sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida and examines how marine and aquaculture environmental factors may influence its composition and functionality. Evidence from human trials, preclinical studies, and observational reports was categorized by evidence strength. Anti-inflammatory effects are supported by relatively more human evidence, whereas antioxidant activity has been reported mainly in in vitro and animal studies. Environmental conditions\u2014especially harvest season and sporophyll maturity\u2014are consistently associated with variations in fucoidan yield, degree of sulfation, molecular weight, and sugar composition, which may contribute to differences in biological activity. These findings highlight the need for standardized harvesting conditions and structural profiling of fucoidan to improve consistency in research and industrial applications."