中国1km分辨率逐月降水量数据集（1901-2024）

该数据集为中国逐月降水量数据，空间分辨率为0.0083333°（约1km），时间为1901.1-2024.12。数据格式为NETCDF，即.nc格式。该数据集是根据CRU发布的全球0.5°气候数据集以及WorldClim发布的全球高分辨率气候数据集，通过Delta空间降尺度方案在中国降尺度生成的。并且，使用496个独立气象观测点数据进行验证，验证结果可信。本数据集包含的地理空间范围是全国主要陆地（包含港澳台地区），不含南海岛礁等区域。为了便于存储，数据均为int16型存于nc文件中，降水单位为0.1mm。
nc数据可使用ArcMAP软件打开制图; 并可用Matlab软件进行提取处理，Matlab发布了读入与存储nc文件的函数，读取函数为ncread，切换到nc文件存储文件夹，语句表达为：ncread (‘XXX.nc’,‘var’, [i j t],[leni lenj lent])，其中XXX.nc为文件名，为字符串需要’’；var是从XXX.nc中读取的变量名，为字符串需要’’；i、j、t分别为读取数据的起始行、列、时间，leni、lenj、lent i分别为在行、列、时间维度上读取的长度。这样，研究区内任何地区、任何时间段均可用此函数读取。Matlab的help里面有很多关于nc数据的命令，可查看。数据坐标系统建议使用WGS84。

This dataset is monthly precipitation data over China, with a spatial resolution of 0.0083333° (approximately 1 km) and a temporal range from January 1901 to December 2024. The data is stored in NETCDF format, i.e., with the .nc file extension. This dataset was generated via the Delta spatial downscaling scheme applied over China, based on the global 0.5° climate dataset released by the Climate Research Unit (CRU) and the global high-resolution climate dataset released by WorldClim. Moreover, it was validated using data from 496 independent meteorological observation stations, and the validation results are reliable. The spatial coverage of this dataset includes the main terrestrial areas of China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions), excluding regions such as the South China Sea reefs and islands. To facilitate storage, the data is stored as int16 type in the .nc files, with the precipitation unit being 0.1 mm. NETCDF data can be opened and visualized for mapping using ArcMAP software, and can also be extracted and processed using MATLAB software. MATLAB provides functions for reading and writing .nc files, with the reading function being ncread. Navigate to the folder where the .nc files are stored, and the syntax is: ncread ('XXX.nc','var', [i j t],[leni lenj lent]), where: XXX.nc is the filename, which needs to be enclosed in single quotes as a string; var is the name of the variable to be read from XXX.nc, which also needs to be enclosed in single quotes as a string; i, j, and t represent the starting row, column, and time index for data reading, respectively; leni, lenj, and lent represent the lengths of the read data along the row, column, and temporal dimensions, respectively. With this method, any region and any time period within the study area can be read using this function. There are numerous commands related to NETCDF data available in MATLAB Help documentation for reference. The coordinate system of the data is recommended to use WGS84.

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背景概述

该数据集是中国1901年至2024年的逐月降水量数据，空间分辨率高达约1公里，基于CRU和WorldClim全球气候数据通过Delta降尺度方法生成，并经过496个气象站点验证，确保数据可靠性。数据以NETCDF格式存储，单位为0.1毫米，覆盖全国主要陆地（包括港澳台），不含南海岛礁，适用于高精度气候分析和研究。