中国1km分辨率逐月降水量数据集（1901-2024）

该数据集为中国逐月降水量数据，空间分辨率为0.0083333°（约1km），时间为1901.1-2024.12。数据格式为NETCDF，即.nc格式。该数据集是根据CRU发布的全球0.5°气候数据集以及WorldClim发布的全球高分辨率气候数据集，通过Delta空间降尺度方案在中国降尺度生成的。并且，使用496个独立气象观测点数据进行验证，验证结果可信。本数据集包含的地理空间范围是全国主要陆地（包含港澳台地区），不含南海岛礁等区域。为了便于存储，数据均为int16型存于nc文件中，降水单位为0.1mm。
nc数据可使用ArcMAP软件打开制图; 并可用Matlab软件进行提取处理，Matlab发布了读入与存储nc文件的函数，读取函数为ncread，切换到nc文件存储文件夹，语句表达为：ncread (‘XXX.nc’,‘var’, [i j t],[leni lenj lent])，其中XXX.nc为文件名，为字符串需要’’；var是从XXX.nc中读取的变量名，为字符串需要’’；i、j、t分别为读取数据的起始行、列、时间，leni、lenj、lent i分别为在行、列、时间维度上读取的长度。这样，研究区内任何地区、任何时间段均可用此函数读取。Matlab的help里面有很多关于nc数据的命令，可查看。数据坐标系统建议使用WGS84。

This dataset contains monthly precipitation data over China, with a spatial resolution of 0.0083333° (approximately 1 km) and a temporal range from 1901.1 to 2024.12. The data is stored in NETCDF format, i.e., .nc files. This dataset was generated via the Delta spatial downscaling scheme applied over China, using the global 0.5° climate dataset released by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) and the global high-resolution climate dataset released by WorldClim. Additionally, it was validated using data from 496 independent meteorological observation stations, and the validation results are reliable. The spatial scope of this dataset covers the main terrestrial areas of China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions), excluding regions such as the South China Sea islands and reefs. To facilitate storage, the data is stored as int16 type in .nc files, with the precipitation unit being 0.1 mm. NETCDF data can be opened and mapped using ArcMAP software, and extracted or processed with MATLAB. MATLAB provides functions for reading and storing NETCDF files, where the primary reading function is `ncread`. First, navigate to the folder where the target .nc files are stored, then use the following syntax: `ncread ('XXX.nc','var', [i j t],[leni lenj lent])`. In this syntax, `XXX.nc` is the filename (a string enclosed in single quotes), `var` is the name of the variable to be extracted from `XXX.nc` (also a string enclosed in single quotes), `i`, `j`, and `t` represent the starting row, column, and temporal indices for data extraction, respectively, while `leni`, `lenj`, and `lent` denote the lengths of the extraction along the row, column, and temporal dimensions, respectively. With this method, any region and any time period within the study area can be extracted using this function. There are numerous commands related to NETCDF data available in the MATLAB Help documentation, which can be consulted for further reference. It is recommended to use the WGS84 coordinate system for this dataset.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是中国1901年至2024年的逐月降水量数据，空间分辨率高达约1公里，基于CRU和WorldClim全球气候数据通过Delta降尺度方法生成，并经过496个气象站点验证，确保数据可靠性。数据以NETCDF格式存储，单位为0.1毫米，覆盖全国主要陆地（包括港澳台），不含南海岛礁，适用于高精度气候分析和研究。