Wheat Phenotypic Response to Hessian fly

Hessian fly (<i>Mayetiola destructor</i>) is a destructive pest of wheat causing severe damage to wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) production globally. New and novel sources of Hessian fly resistant cultivars are needed that can be used for native resistance and in breeding programs to develop robust insect-resistant wheat lines. In the current study, a total of 374 wheat cultivars from different regions within the United States were evaluated for resistance to Hessian fly. Three pasta wheat cultivars, one originating from North Dakota and 2 others from Minnesota showed resistance to multiple forms (technically called as ‘biotypes’) of Hessian fly when tested at 20°C. Although at higher temperatures of 30°C these three cultivars are unable to maintain their resistance to Hessian fly and are not suitable in regions with higher environmental temperatures, these three wheat lines can offer breeders additional sources of Hessian fly resistance for developing elite Hessian fly-resistant cultivars.