Bacteria facilitating sulfur oxidation and nutrient recycling in sulfide-rich Isinuka spring in South Africa

Sulfur is a critical essential element in natural ecosystems, playing a central vital role in energy transfer and nutrient cycling. Despite its importance, the way microbes drive sulfur transformations in unique environments like the Isinuka sulfur pool, known for its healing properties, is not wellremain poorly understood. This study aimed to explore investigate the microbial communities in the water and sediments of this sulfur-rich pool, focusing on their diversity, roles, and impact on sulfur and nutrient cycling.