Food Insecurity Experience Scale 2022 - Guinea-Bissau

Abstract
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Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 2.1 commits countries to end hunger, ensure access by all people to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year around. Indicator 2.1.2, “Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)”, provides internationally-comparable estimates of the proportion of the population facing difficulties in accessing food. More detailed background information is available at http://www.fao.org/in-action/voices-of-the-hungry/fies/en/.

The FIES-based indicators are compiled using the FIES survey module, containing 8 questions. Two indicators can be computed:
1. The proportion of the population experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity (SDG indicator 2.1.2).
2. The proportion of the population experiencing severe food insecurity.

These data were collected by FAO through GeoPoll. General information on the methodology can be found here: https://www.geopoll.com/. National institutions can also collect FIES data by including the FIES survey module in nationally representative surveys.

Microdata can be used to calculate the indicator 2.1.2 at national level. Instructions for computing this indicator are described in the methodological document available in the documentations tab.

Geographic coverage
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National and Admin 1

Analysis unit
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Individuals

Universe
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Individuals of 15 years or older with access to landline and/or mobile phones.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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NA
Exclusions: NA
Design effect: NA

Mode of data collection
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Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing [CATI]

Cleaning operations
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Statistical validation assesses the quality of the FIES data collected by testing their consistency with the assumptions of the Rasch model. This analysis involves the interpretation of several statistics that reveal 1) items that do not perform well in a given context, 2) cases with highly erratic response patterns, 3) pairs of items that may be redundant, and 4) the proportion of total variance in the population that is accounted for by the measurement model.

Sampling error estimates
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The margin of error is estimated as NA. This is calculated around a proportion at the 95% confidence level. The maximum margin of error was calculated assuming a reported percentage of 50% and takes into account the design effect.

Data appraisal
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Since the population with access to mobile telephones is likely to differ from the rest of the population with respect to their access to food, post-hoc adjustments were made to control for the potential resulting bias. Post-stratification weights were built to adjust the sample distribution by gender and education of the respondent at admin-1 level, to match the same distribution in the total population. However, an additional step was needed to try to ascertain the food insecurity condition of those with access to phones compared to that of the total population.

Using FIES data collected by FAO through the GWP between 2014 and 2019, and a variable on access to mobile telephones that was also in the dataset, it was possible to compare the prevalence of food insecurity at moderate or severe level, and severe level only, of respondents with access to a mobile phone to that of the total population at national level.

摘要
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可持续发展目标（SDG）2.1 声明各国致力于终结饥饿，确保全年人人都能获得安全、营养且充足的食品。指标2.1.2，‘基于食物不安全经验量表（FIES）的食物不安全普遍程度’，提供了关于面临食物获取困难的人口比例的国际可比估计。更多详细背景信息可查阅http://www.fao.org/in-action/voices-of-the-hungry/fies/en/。

基于FIES的指标是通过包含8个问题的FIES调查模块编制而成的。可以计算两个指标：
1. 经历中等到严重食物不安全的人口比例（SDG指标2.1.2）。
2. 经历严重食物不安全的人口比例。

这些数据由FAO通过GeoPoll收集。关于方法论的详细信息可在以下链接找到：https://www.geopoll.com/。国家机构也可以通过在国家代表性调查中包含FIES调查模块来收集FIES数据。

微观数据可用于计算国家层面的指标2.1.2。计算此指标的说明可在文档标签页中找到。

地理覆盖范围
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国家和行政1级

分析单位
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个体

总体
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15岁及以上、可接入固定电话和/或移动电话的个体。

数据类型
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样本调查数据[ssd]

抽样程序
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NA
排除项：NA
设计效应：NA

数据收集方式
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计算机辅助电话访谈[CATI]

清洗操作
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统计验证评估了FIES数据的品质，通过测试其与Rasch模型假设的一致性。该分析涉及对多个统计数据的解读，这些数据揭示了1）在特定情境中表现不佳的项目，2）具有高度异常响应模式的案例，3）可能冗余的项目对，以及4）测量模型解释的总方差比例。

抽样误差估计
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误差范围估计为NA。这是在95%置信水平下围绕比例计算的。最大误差范围是在假设报告百分比为50%的情况下计算的，并考虑了设计效应。

数据评估
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由于拥有移动电话的群体可能与其他群体在食物获取方面存在差异，因此进行了事后调整以控制潜在产生的偏差。构建了后分层权重，以通过性别和教育程度调整样本分布，以匹配行政1级总人口的相同分布。然而，还需要额外一步来尝试确定拥有电话的群体与总人口的粮食不安全状况。使用FAO通过2014年至2019年间的GWP收集的FIES数据以及数据集中同样存在的移动电话访问变量，可以比较拥有移动电话的受访者中度或严重以及仅严重食物不安全的普遍程度与国家层面的总人口相比。