The Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Blekinge (SNAC-B)

The national study SNAC - The Swedish National Study on Aging and Care, includes four participating areas: SNAC-Blekinge, SNAC Kungsholmen, SNAC Nordanstig and SNAC Skåne (GÅS). In all four areas, a research centre conducts a population study and a health care system study. (Metadata related to the main study SNAC and the other participating areas can be found under the Related studies tab). SNAC- Blekinge is headed by a steering group of researchers with Professor Johan Sanmartin Berglund as principal investigator. The project is supported by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Kristianstad University and Linnaeus University in Växjö. Blekinge County Council is cooperating with the municipality of Karlskrona. ´ In addition to the national design and objectives a number of separate research questions have been of special interest to the research team in Blekinge. These are as follows: - Dental health and care - a general assessment of elderly between 60 and 96 years of age with a particular focus on identifying osteoporosis using dental X-ray examination. - Multi-morbidity - developing an instrument for estimating incidence and prevalence of diseases in the general population. - Occupation and retirement - the purpose being to study the differences between those working and those being retired or pre-retired at the ages between 60 and 66. - Cardiovascular and cognitive diseases - does patients being treated in primary care know about incipient heart? Also is studied the relation between heart and cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus and cognitive function. - Quality in the care of the elderly - a study about how social contextual and structural factors relate to the need of care and services. - OTC´s and non prescription drugs - the significance of lifestyle and psychological factors for the use of OTC and prescription medication. - Functional performance and stress-reactivity - examining how variability in functional performance in a homogenous age group relate to experimental induces stress testing the stress hypothesis on ageing. Population study: The aim of the population study is to find out how among other things social environment, lifestyle and earlier diseases effect health and wellbeing in old age. The design is longitudinal and interdisciplinary and the study examines elderly between 60 and 96 years of age. Medical examinations, interviews, psychological tests and distributed of questionnaires are repeated every third or sixth year. The baseline examination was conducted during the period 2001 to 2003. When closed in spring 2003 examination had been made on 1402 subjects out of 2312 (aged 60-96 years old) that was invited to take part in the study. The participation rate was fully (slightly above) 60% for the whole age range from 60 to 96 years of age. Several follow-ups have been conducted. Health care system study: Karlskrona municipality Mature Management has a need to raise awareness of aging and the care of the elderly in the future to improve care for older people. During the autumn of 2009 begins, therefore, SNAC, in cooperation with BTH, on behalf of the Mature Management, a research in Karlskrona on the municipality's elderly care is tailored to the needs of the elderly. The same type of study is done simultaneously in a number of other municipalities in the country. The survey covers all persons aged 65 years and benefiting the elderly of Mature Management in Karlskrona and / or have a lasting home care / rehabilitation. Data collection have been conducted at several occasions. Purpose: The aim is to provide information about how social environment, lifestyle and earlier diseases effect health and wellbeing in old age. One of the special interests to the research team in Blekinge is dental health and the impact to general health.瑞典国家老龄化与护理研究（Swedish National Study on Aging and Care，简称SNAC）全国项目包含四个参与区域：SNAC-布莱金厄（SNAC-Blekinge）、SNAC-孔斯霍尔门（SNAC Kungsholmen）、SNAC-诺丹斯蒂格（SNAC Nordanstig）以及SNAC-斯科讷（GÅS）。四个区域均由专属研究中心开展人群研究与医疗体系研究。（与SNAC主项目及其他参与区域相关的元数据可在「相关研究」标签页下查阅。） SNAC-布莱金厄由以约翰·桑马丁·贝里隆德（Johan Sanmartin Berglund）教授为首席研究员的研究指导小组牵头。本项目得到卫生与社会事务部、布莱金厄理工学院（Blekinge Institute of Technology，简称BTH）、克里斯蒂安斯塔德大学以及韦克舍林奈大学的资助。布莱金厄郡议会与卡尔斯克鲁纳市开展合作。 除全国层面的研究设计与核心目标外，布莱金厄研究团队还针对多项独立研究议题展开重点探索，具体如下： - 口腔健康与护理：针对60至96岁老年群体开展全面健康评估，重点通过牙科X线检查筛查骨质疏松症（osteoporosis）； - 共病（multi-morbidity）：开发用于评估普通人群疾病发病率与患病率的研究工具； - 职业与退休：探究60至66岁年龄段在职人员与退休/准退休群体之间的差异； - 心血管与认知疾病：调研接受初级医疗服务的患者是否知晓早期心脏病征兆，同时分析心脏病、心血管疾病与糖尿病及认知功能之间的关联； - 老年护理质量：探究社会环境与结构因素如何影响老年群体的护理服务需求； - 非处方药（OTC，Over The Counter）与处方药：剖析生活方式与心理因素对非处方药及处方药使用的影响； - 功能表现与应激反应：考察同质年龄群体内功能表现的变异性与实验诱导应激的关联，以验证衰老应激假说。 人群研究： 本研究旨在揭示社会环境、生活方式及既往疾病等因素对老年群体健康与福祉的影响机制。研究采用纵向、跨学科设计，针对60至96岁老年群体开展调研。研究人员每3年或6年重复开展一次医学检查、访谈、心理测试及问卷发放工作。基线调研于2001年至2003年间实施，截至2003年春季收官时，原计划受邀参与的2312名60至96岁老年群体中，共有1402人完成全部检查，全年龄段整体参与率略高于60%。目前已开展多次随访调研。 医疗体系研究： 卡尔斯克鲁纳市老年事务管理部门（Mature Management）亟需提升社会对老龄化与未来老年护理的认知水平，以优化老年群体的护理服务。因此，2009年秋季起，SNAC联合布莱金厄理工学院（BTH）代表该管理部门，在卡尔斯克鲁纳市开展针对当地老年护理的定制化研究，以匹配老年群体的实际需求。该国其他多个市政当局同期启动了同类研究。 本次调研覆盖卡尔斯克鲁纳市该管理部门服务的所有65岁及以上老年群体，以及接受长期居家护理/康复服务的人群。数据采集已多次完成。 研究目的： 本研究旨在提供关于社会环境、生活方式及既往疾病如何影响老年群体健康与福祉的相关数据。布莱金厄研究团队的重点研究方向之一为口腔健康及其对全身健康的影响。