The ECHC-Toroidal Cyclic Model

Why Read This Paper? What if some of the biggest problems in modern cosmology are connected? The Einstein-Cartan-Hoyle Cosmology (ECHC) framework explores a universe that is finite, cyclic, and shaped by inherited geometric structure. By combining Einstein-Cartan torsion, finite T³ topology, and cosmic evolution, ECHC offers a new perspective on the Hubble tension, dark energy, singularity avoidance, and the long-term fate of the universe. This paper does not claim to have all the answers. Instead, it presents a testable framework with clear predictions and clear opportunities for falsification. Whether ECHC ultimately succeeds or fails, the question remains worth asking: Are we observing the first universe—or simply the latest chapter in a much longer cosmic story? — Michael McAleer