Tropical volcanic eruptions enhance global tropical cyclone geneses

<b>The influence of strong tropical volcanic eruptions (TVEs) on global tropical </b><b>cyclone (TC) genesis frequency (TCGF) remains poorly understood. Here, we utilize global </b><b>reanalysis data and high-resolution large ensemble simulations to uncover a robust link </b><b>between TVEs and enhanced global TCGF. We find a significant increase in TCGF over the </b><b>Pacific within two years following strong TVEs, accompanied by an insignificant decrease </b><b>over the South Indian Ocean, leading to a net global TCGF increase. TVEs reduce </b><b>precipitation over the Maritime Continent, lower global mean sea surface temperature (SST) </b><b>but increase SST in the equatorial central Pacific, inducing an El Niño-like SST anomaly </b><b>pattern. These anomalies weaken the Walker Circulation, creating favorable conditions for </b><b>TC genesis over the Pacific and thus resulting in an increase in TCGF. Our results provide </b><b>new insights into the climate impacts of TVEs on global and regional TC activity.</b>