Associations of differences in maternal gestational weight gain with increased risk of hypertension in the offspring at 18 years, using fixed effects regression model (N = 9,816).

Abbreviations: RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval.
a Model 1 was adjusted for maternal age at birth, birth year and gestational age. Model 2 was adjusted as for model 1 plus early-pregnancy BMI, maternal education and parity. Model 3 was adjusted as for model 2 plus offspring’s age of conscription and conscription center.
b Relative risk of hypertension in the offspring per 1-kg difference in gestational weight gain.
c Relative risk of hypertension in the offspring per 1-kg greater gestational weight gain.
d P-value to test whether the within and between effects differ, obtained by a Wald test.
Associations of differences in maternal gestational weight gain with increased risk of hypertension in the offspring at 18 years, using fixed effects regression model (N = 9,816).