A dataset of 8-day carbon flux components observations for global terrestrial ecosystems during 1991–2023

Net ecosystem production (NEP), gross primary production (GPP), and ecosystem respiration (RECO) are key components of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Accurate measurement of these critical carbon flux parameters is essential for understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems in the global carbon cycle. In this study, we utilized global flux observation datasets (FLUXNET2015) and regional carbon flux networks (AmeriFlux, EuroFlux, OzFlux, and ChinaFLUX) to process carbon flux data from diverse sources using rigorous quality screening criteria. A comprehensive global terrestrial ecosystem carbon flux observation dataset for the period 1991–2023 was developed. This dataset includes 8-day scale observations of NEP, GPP, and RECO from 392 sites across global terrestrial ecosystems spanning 1991–2023. Unified quality control standards and spatiotemporal synthesis methods were applied to ensure the consistency and reliability of the data. This dataset provides valuable scientific support for global carbon cycle research, model optimization, and analysis of ecosystem responses to climate change.