Supplementary Material for: Cyclosporine A combined with Rituximab successfully treated erythropoietin-induced pure red blood cell aplastic anemia

Erythropoietin-induced pure red blood cell aplastic anemia (EPO-PRCA) is a rare anemia，which presents a significant treatment challenge, often necessitating the cessation of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and the adoption of immunosuppressive therapies or renal transplantation. In the present case, the patient developed severe anemia after 2-year EPO treatment and was diagnosed with EPO-PRCA. The treatment with the full dose of corticosteroids and testosterone for one month failed to increase his hemoglobin (Hb) level significantly. Therefore, the patient received the combination therapy of cyclosporine A (CsA) with rituximab, which effectively cleared the anti-EPO antibody. Then Roxadustat was given to improve renal anemia. As Hb level increased gradually, the patient was recovered from EPO-PRCA. This case reported an EPO-PRCA patient was successfully cured by the combination of CsA with rituximab and provided another choice for the treatment of EPO-PRCA in the future.