The dynamic interaction of AMBRA1 with the dynein motor complex regulates mammalian autophagy

2F cells expressing mCherryAMBRA1 (red) and ER-GFP (a GFP protein with an ER localisation signal peptide, green) proteins were starved for 4 hrs or left untreated, fixed with 4% PFA followed by permeabilisation with ice-cold methanol, stained with an anti-AMBRA1 antibody and analysed by confocal microscopy. The images showing the merge of the two fluorescence signals are shown in the lower panels. Co-localisation was assessed by calculating the Pearson’s correlation coefficient r of at least 10 cells analysed in 2 independent experiments. (mean r: untreated = 0.42 ± 0.06; starvation = 0.62 ± 0.07) Scale bar, 12 μm.