Rural Finland 2011: Business Executives

The survey studied opinions on economic life and business opportunities in rural areas in Finland. The respondents were top-level managers of Finnish enterprises. The barometer was developed for the Landmarks Programme carried out by the Finnish Innovation Fund (Sitra). First, the respondents were asked to what extent they connected certain qualities and issues to countryside and to urban areas (e.g. burden on the public economy, environmental-friendly way of life, freedom, social exclusion, good life, authenticity). Images of the countryside were charted by asking what kinds of places corresponded to their view of the countryside and which areas they saw as part of the countryside (e.g. holiday villages in rural areas, rural population centres, nature areas, rural areas dominated by agricultural areas). The experience of urban/rural identity was examined with questions on whether they thought themselves as city or rural residents and the importance of this identity to themselves and Finns in general. The respondents were asked in what kind of a neighbourhood their homes, holiday homes and workplaces were located and in what kind of a neighbourhood they preferred to live. The respondents were also asked about their habits of spending time in different neighbourhoods during their working time, weekends and holidays. Views were probed on the intentions to move to a more urban or rural setting within the following ten years. Reasons for the importance of different places (e.g. friends in other regions, spending holidays) were studied. The respondents were presented with a number of statements relating to the countryside, its image and future development and significance. Some questions covered what the respondents would like the countryside to be like in 2025, what countryside meant to them at the time of the survey and what they believed it would mean to them in ten years' time. Further questions explored the respondents' beliefs about whether the significance of rural areas would grow or diminish in Finland. Some questions investigated what kind of business ventures they thought could have potential in the countryside (e.g. logistics services, organic production, renewable energy production), and to what extent they agreed with a number of statements related to entrepreneurship both in general and in the countryside. Finally, the respondents were asked about their own business and its relation to the Finnish countryside and Finland. Background variables included the respondent's year of birth, gender, education, political party choice if the parliamentary elections were held at that time, occupational status, annual gross income of the household, region (NUTS3) and municipality type as well as the number of employees in the respondent's enterprise, neighbourhood type of the enterprise headquarters, industrial sector and revenue of the enterprise.

本调查旨在探究芬兰农村地区经济生活及商业机遇之公众观点。受访者均为芬兰企业的高级管理人员。此调查量表由芬兰创新基金（Sitra）执行的标志计划（Landmarks Programme）所开发。首先，调查者询问受访者将何种特质与问题与乡村与城市区域（例如：公共财政负担、环保生活方式、自由、社会排斥、美好生活、真实性）相联系。通过询问何种场所符合他们对乡村的看法，以及哪些区域被视为乡村的一部分（例如：乡村度假村、乡村人口中心、自然区域、以农业为主的乡村地区），来描绘乡村图像。通过一系列问题探究受访者是否将自己视为城市或乡村居民，以及这种身份认同对他们本人及芬兰人民整体的重要性。受访者还被询问其住宅、度假住宅和工作场所所处的社区类型，以及他们偏好的居住社区类型。此外，调查者还询问了受访者在工作时间、周末和假期在各类社区中的活动习惯。研究了对未来十年内是否计划迁往更加城市或乡村的居住环境的意图。探讨了不同场所（例如：其他地区的友人、度假）的重要性原因。受访者面对一系列与乡村、其形象及未来发展及意义相关的陈述。其中一些问题涉及受访者期望乡村在2025年的样子，以及在调查时乡村对他们意味着什么，以及他们认为十年后将意味着什么。进一步的问题探究了受访者对乡村地区在芬兰的重要性是否会增加或减少的信念。一些问题调查了他们认为哪些商业项目在乡村地区具有潜力（例如：物流服务、有机生产、可再生能源生产），以及他们对与企业创业相关的一系列陈述的认同程度。最后，受访者还被询问他们自己的业务与芬兰乡村及芬兰的关系。背景变量包括受访者的出生年份、性别、教育背景、如果在当时举行议会选举，受访者的政党选择、职业状况、家庭年度总收入、地区（NUTS3）、市政类型以及受访者企业中的员工数量、企业总部所在社区类型、行业部门和企业的收入。