Table_1_Pro-Inflammatory diet accounts for higher prevalence of retinopathy in diabetes participants rather than normal glucose and prediabetes: Results from NHANES, 2005–2008.DOCX

Retinopathy is a chronic inflammatory disease whose prognosis could be improved with dietary interventions. However, the association between a pro-inflammatory diet and the prevalence of retinopathy has not been fully elucidated. We assess the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII), which is a comprehensive index determining inflammatory potential derived from food parameters according to literature, and the prevalence of retinopathy based on the data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2008 involving 2,403 participants. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was not related to the occurrence of retinopathy in the general, non-diabetic, or middle-aged participants. In the diabetic and aged participants, one unit increment of E-DII accounted for 14 and 15% higher the prevalence of retinopathy respectively. The highest E-DII group had a 78 and 79% higher prevalence of retinopathy than the lowest group respectively. After adjusting for several covariables, the highest E-DII group was still associated with a 68% increase in retinopathy in diabetic patients. These results suggest that E-DII is positively associated with the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients.

视网膜病变是一种慢性炎症性疾病，其预后有望通过饮食干预得到改善。然而，促炎饮食与视网膜病变发病率之间的关联尚未得到充分阐明。本研究评估了基于文献中食物参数确定的综合炎症潜力指标——饮食炎症指数（DII）与基于国家健康与营养状况调查（NHANES）2005-2008年数据，涉及2,403名参与者的视网膜病变发病率之间的关联。在一般非糖尿病患者及中年参与者中，能量调整后的DII（E-DII）与视网膜病变的发生无相关性。在糖尿病患者及老年参与者中，E-DII每增加一个单位，视网膜病变的发病率分别增加14%和15%。E-DII最高的组别相对于最低组别，视网膜病变的发病率分别高出78%和79%。在调整了多个协变量后，E-DII最高的组别在糖尿病患者中仍与视网膜病变发病率增加68%相关。这些结果表明，E-DII与糖尿病患者中糖尿病视网膜病变的发病率呈正相关。