Traffic Flow Dataset for China\u2019s Congested Highways & Expressways

The Traffic Flow Dataset for China\u2019s Congested Highways & Expressways (TF4CHE) is derived from AD4CHE (Aerial Dataset for China's Congested Highways & Expressways). AD4CHE collects data using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating at an altitude of 100 meters and employs advanced calibration techniques to achieve a positioning accuracy of approximately 5 cm. It provides comprehensive vehicle metrics, including position, speed, classification, as well as unique parameters such as self-offset and yaw rate. AD4CHE covers highway and expressway data across 11 distinct scenarios in five cities in China, comprising a total of 68 data segments. Each data segment includes three files: xx_recordingMeta.csv, xx_tracks.csv, and xx_tracksMeta.csv, which respectively provide video metadata, vehicle trajectories, and trajectory metadata. However, AD4CHE is a pre-development dataset, and its raw parameters are not directly applicable to traffic flow time-series forecasting tasks. TF4CHE is constructed by processing the original frame rate data from AD4CHE into sequential data and applying theoretical formulations from the rail transit domain. It serves as an application-oriented dataset suitable for direct use in research on traffic flow prediction and congestion identification.