Mother knows best: Nest-site choice homogenizes embryo thermal environments among populations in a widespread ectotherm

Species with large geographic ranges provide an excellent model of how different populations respond to dissimilar local conditions, particularly variation in climate. Maternal effects, such as oviposition-site choice greatly affect offspring phenotypes and survival. Thus, maternal behavior has the potential to mitigate the effects of divergent climatic conditions across a species’ range. We delineated natural nesting areas of six populations of painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) that span a broad latitudinal range and quantified spatial and temporal variation in nest characteristics. To quantify microhabitats available for females to choose, we also identified sites within the nesting area of each location that were representative of available thermal microhabitats. Across the range females nested non-randomly and targeted microhabitats that generally had less canopy cover and thus higher nest temperatures. Nest microhabitats differed among locations but did not predictably vary with la..., The processed data included: the Constant Temperature Equivalents created by using the models available from Telemeco, Abbott, & Janzen (2013) Am.Nat. in MATLAB, the approximate mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures for natural nest sites and representative nest sites, and the processed hemispherical photos (Gap Light Analyzer) outputs as % canopy open.,