A region-resolved mucosa proteome of the human stomach

The human gastric mucosa is the most active and functional layer that carries out food digestion and metabolic processes in physiological conditions and also the main origin of carcinogenesis in gastric cancer. Anatomically, the human stomach is divided into 7 regions with physiological functions, but the protein basis for cellular specialization is not well understood. Here we present a global analysis of protein profiles of 80 apparently normal mucosas obtained by endoscopic biopsy of stomach. We identified 11,597 proteins and provided an estimation of protein expression variations/ranges in the 7 regions of the human stomach. To our knowledge, this is the first region-resolved, near normal tissue proteome reference map obtained from living individuals. We also measured mucosa protein profiles of tumor and tumor nearby tissues (TNT) from 54 gastric cancer patients, allowing for comparisons between tumor, TNT, and normal tissues. These datasets provide a rich resource for the gastrointestinal tract research community to investigate the molecular basis for region specific functions in mucosa physiology and pathology including gastric cancer.