A Wireless Synchronization Controller for High-Power Stationary and Semi-Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles: Semi-Dynamic Wireless Synchronization Demonstration

This paper presents a vehicle side wireless synchronization controller suitable for high-power inductive power transfer (IPT) systems for electric vehicle (EV) wireless charging under stationary and semi-dynamic conditions. The objective of this work is to enable improved functionality, efficiency, and power density of high-power IPT systems under misaligned conditions. An existing 50 kW LCL-LCL tuned IPT system with dual active bridges (DAB) demonstrates the controller’s performance. The controller utilizes a decoupled auxiliary winding integrated into the vehicle assembly (VA) magnetics to wirelessly obtain the frequency and phase reference of the ground assembly (GA) active bridge to achieve synchronous switching and phase angle control of the VA active bridge. Experiments demonstrate this controller enables a 10.6% increase in power output and a 1.1% efficiency increase in regions of low coupling. Experiments also demonstrate the controller’s suitability for semi-dynamic applications, providing average power output and efficiency increases of 14.1% and 1.8% respectively, over 90% of the dynamic experiment range of magnetic alignments. Speed of synchronization, power output quality, and ease of implementation are discussed. Challenges associated with wireless synchronization in IPT systems are investigated, and recommendations are made regarding how they can be addressed.

本文提出了一种适用于高功率感应功率传输（IPT）系统，尤其是在电动汽车（EV）无线充电的静态和半动态条件下的车辆侧无线同步控制器。本研究的目的是在传输系统错位条件下，提升高功率IPT系统的功能、效率和功率密度。通过将现有50千瓦的LCL-LCL调谐IPT系统与双有源桥（DAB）相结合，展示了该控制器的性能。该控制器通过将解耦辅助线圈集成到车辆装配（VA）磁路中，无线获取地面装配（GA）有源桥的频率和相位参考，从而实现VA有源桥的同步切换和相位角控制。实验表明，该控制器在低耦合区域使功率输出提高了10.6%，效率提升了1.1%。实验还证实了该控制器适用于半动态应用，在磁场对齐的动态实验范围内，平均功率输出和效率分别提升了14.1%和1.8%，覆盖了超过90%的动态实验范围。同步速度、功率输出质量以及实施便捷性被讨论。针对IPT系统无线同步所面临的挑战进行了研究，并提出了相应的解决方案建议。