Demographics.

Demographic characteristics at enrollment and features of subsequent P. falciparum malaria infections of Schistosoma haematobium-positive (SP Mal) and age-matched S. haematobium-negative (SN Mal) Malian children contributing PBMC for immunologic analysis.aaUrinary egg excretion detected in 10 ml of filtered morning (10 am to 2 pm) urine.bResults for children who did not develop malaria (n = 8) are not included these calculations. If no statistical difference was noted between children in the 4–8 year old category compared to the 9–14 year old category, the results were combined.cGeometric mean parasite density per mm3.