中国第37次南极科学考察（2020-2021 年）气溶胶离子组成观测数据
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海洋气溶胶是海洋上空云凝结核的重要组成部分，其会增强对太阳辐射的反射，起到降温效应。目前对于极区温室气体的升温效应已较为明确，但是对于在温室气体和气溶胶共同作用下的净效应却知之甚少，关键在于缺乏对海洋气溶胶气候效应的了解；而气溶胶的离子组成是气溶胶形成云凝结核及其对气候效应产生影响的重要参数之一。因此，开展海洋气溶胶离子组成等气候敏感要素的综合调查与评估，是掌握南大洋目标海区气候变化差异及其控制因素的关键，对准确评估目标海区气候变化特征及时空变化，预测未来区域气候的发展规律，解决南大洋目标海区对气候变化的响应和反馈具有重要的作用。 本数据为中国第 37 次南极科学考察（2020 年-2021 年）航线上 2020 年 11 月 14 日至2021 年 4 月 24 日期间使用智能中流量空气总悬浮颗粒物采样器采集的TSP/PM10/PM2.5 分粒径海洋气溶胶滤膜样品经实验室分析获得的离子气溶胶离子（Na+、NH4+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Cl-、NO3-和 SO42-）质量浓度数据。
Marine aerosols are important components of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) over the ocean, which enhance the reflection of solar radiation and induce a cooling effect. At present, the warming effect of greenhouse gases in polar regions is relatively well-established, but the net effect under the combined action of greenhouse gases and aerosols remains poorly characterized. The key constraint lies in the insufficient understanding of the climatic impacts of marine aerosols. The ionic composition of aerosols is one of the critical parameters governing the formation of cloud condensation nuclei and their subsequent effects on climate. Therefore, conducting comprehensive surveys and assessments of climate-sensitive factors such as the ionic composition of marine aerosols is pivotal for understanding the climate change disparities and their controlling factors in the target sea areas of the Southern Ocean. This research plays a vital role in accurately evaluating the climate change characteristics and spatiotemporal variations of the target sea areas, predicting the future evolution patterns of regional climate, and clarifying the responses and feedbacks of the Southern Ocean's target sea areas to climate change. This dataset contains mass concentration data of ionic aerosol species (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, NO3-, and SO42-) obtained through laboratory analysis of size-separated marine aerosol filter samples for TSP/PM10/PM2.5. These samples were collected using an intelligent medium-flow total suspended particulate sampler during the cruise of China's 37th Antarctic Scientific Expedition (2020–2021), covering the period from November 14, 2020 to April 24, 2021.
