Multi-omics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Chronic Congestive Heart Failure

Aims: The Potential Benefits and Underlying Mechanisms of Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) in the Treatment of Chronic Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Remain Insufficiently Elucidated. Therefore, This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of VNS in treating CHF.Methods and Results: In this study, models of CHF and VNS were established prior to performing echocardiography, H&E staining, and flow cytometry to evaluate the effects of VNS on pathological damage associated with CHF and myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction. Multi-omics analysis was conducted to identify changes in metabolites, gut microbiota, and gene expression following VNS treatment.VNS effectively enhances cardiac function, improves metabolic processes, and reduces inflammatory factor levels in dogs with CHF. VNS alleviates myocardial pathological damage, prevents the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increases mitochondrial membrane potential. Multi-omics analysis identified five key metabolites, four key microorganisms, and sixty key genes.Conclusion: In summary, VNS has demonstrated effectiveness in the treatment of CHF.