International Social Survey Programme: Family and Changing Gender Roles I-V Cumulation

The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is a continuous programme of cross-national collaboration running annual surveys on topics important for the social sciences. The programme started in 1984 with four founding members - Australia, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States – and has now grown to almost 50 member countries from all over the world. As the surveys are designed for replication, they can be used for both, cross-national and cross-time comparisons. Each ISSP module focuses on a specific topic, which is repeated in regular time intervals. Please, consult the documentation for details on how the national ISSP surveys are fielded. The present study focuses on questions about family and changing gender roles.<br>Attitude towards the employment of women resp. mothers (a working mother can establish just as warm and secure a relationship with her children as a mother who does not work, a pre-school child is likely to suffer if his or her mother works, all in all, family life suffers when the woman has a full-time job, a job is all right, but what most women really want is a home and children, being a housewife is just as fulfilling as working for pay, a man´s job is to earn money; a woman´s job is to look after the home and family, work is the best for women independence, both should contribute to income); preferred extent of employment for women during different stages of child raising (after marrying without having a child, when there is a child under school age, after the youngest child starts school, after children leave home); working women should have paid maternity leave; working parents should have financial benefits; attitude towards paid parental leave for full-time working parents and preferred duration of paid parental leave (in months); preferred division of this paid parental leave period between the mother and the father; attitudes towards marriage (married people are happier, marriage offers financial security, bad marriage even better than no marriage, people who want children ought to get married); attitudes towards single-parenting and childcare by same sex female and male couples (alternative family forms); attitudes towards cohabitation without marriage (couple can live together before get married, it is all right for a couple to live together without intending to get married); ideal number of children; attitudes towards children in life (growing children are greatest joy, having children interferes too much with the freedom of parents, children are a financial burden, having children increases people’s social standing in society, people without child lead empty lives); who should primarily cover the costs of childcare for children under school age (the family, the government/ public funds, the employers); who should primarily provide support for the elderly who need some help in their everyday lives (family members, government agencies, non-profit organizations (e.g. charitable organizations, churches/ religious organizations), private providers of this kind of help); who should primarily cover the costs of this help to these elderly people (the elderly people themselves or their family, the government/ public funds); who makes decisions how to raise kids; who makes decisions choosing weekend activities; divorce is the best solution at marriage problems; Respondent/ Spouse ever divorced; Respondent living together with husband/wife before marriage; employment of mother during childhood of respondent; employment of respondent and spouse/partner in various phases of child raising (after marrying without having a child, when the child was under school age, after the youngest child starts school, after children leave home); respondent and spouse both working; who earns more money/ has higher income; organization of income between partners; organization of household tasks between the partners (laundry, small repairs, care for sick family members, shop for groceries, cleaning, preparing meal); number of hours spend on household work (respondent and partner); number of hours spend on family members (respondent and partner); estimation of fair share of the household work between the partners; frequency of difficulties caused by family, work, and household duties during the past three months (I have come home from work too tired to do the chores which need to be done, It has been difficult for me to fulfil my family responsibilities because of the amount of time I spent on my job, I have arrived at work too tired to function well because of the household work I had done, I have found it difficult to concentrate at work because of my family responsibilities); general feeling of happiness in life; satisfaction with main job; satisfaction with family; total number of children. Demography: sex; age; years of birth; legal partnership status; steady life partner; education: years of schooling; highest education level (respondent and partner); currently, formerly, or never in paid work (respondent and partner); employment relationship (respondent and partner); current employment status (respondent and partner); hours worked weekly (respondent and partner); occupation (ISCO 2008) (respondent and partner); supervising function at work (respondent and partner); number of other employees supervised; type of organization: for-profit vs. non-profit and public vs. private; trade union membership; household size; number of children above school entry age in household; number of children below school age in household; party affiliation (left-right); participation in last election; attendance of religious services; religious main groups (derived); Top Bottom self-placement; subjective social class; place of living urban – rural; household income groups (derived); country specific region. Additionally coded: ID number of respondent; unique cumulation respondent ID number; Case substitution flag; date of interview (year, month, day); ISSP Module year; country; country sample; country sample year; weighting factor; administrative mode of data collection.