Mus musculus Raw sequence reads. Mus musculus

Diabetic retinopathy encompasses various mechanisms, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, and disruption of cellular interactions. Our study demonstrates that the administration of AdipoRon, a small molecule agonist, effectively reduces oxidative stress by binding to AdipoR1 receptors on Muller cells and activating the intracellular AMPK ACC phosphorylation pathway, thereby protecting retinal function. Furthermore, we conducted AdipoRon treatment on Muller cells cultured under high glucose conditions for transcriptome sequencing, revealing the up-regulation of 78 genes and the down-regulation of 57 genes, in addition to the classical pathway. Among the genes that exhibited upregulation, it was observed that the Early Growth Response genes displayed the most pronounced upregulation. This finding suggests that AdipoRon induces the transcription of EGR family genes in the presence of high glucose conditions. To further confirm, we then validated the result at both the mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, by assessing oxidative stress in different treatment groups, we discovered that the upregulation of EGR family genes potentially alleviates oxidative stress via certain pathways, thereby conferring cellular protection.