A dataset of Surface meteorological elements at the National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan (2005-2024)

The Xishuangbanna National Field Station for Observation and Research of Forest Ecosystem in Yunnan (Xishuangbanna Station) is located in a region representative of the typical tropical seasonal rainforest vegetation type. The station’s meteorological field is equipped with an integrated atmospheric climate and environmental observation system for long-term, fixed-point monitoring of meteorological elements in the area. This system plays a significant role in studying hydrological, soil, meteorological, and biological processes within the forest system against the backdrop of regional climate and environmental changes.This dataset compiles, processes, and refines the original meteorological data from Xishuangbanna Station from 2005 to 2024, incorporating quality control and evaluation. It includes 16 meteorological observation indicators: vapor pressure, atmospheric pressure, sea-level pressure, relative humidity, air temperature, dew point temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and soil temperature at various depths (0 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, and 100 cm). The dataset is made publicly available in daily (7,279 entries), monthly (240 entries), and annual (1 entry) scales. It aims to provide foundational data support for research on forest ecosystems, weather disaster warnings, and climate productivity simulations in the Xishuangbanna region.