Table 1 in Taxonomy of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) - overall phylogenetic relationships and assessment of species diversity based on a first comprehensive checklist of the genus

Table 1. Summary of the infrageneric classification in Dianthus as presented by the respective treatments. The names are given as they were used by the authors, not considering some existing earlier names not used by them.
Boissier 1867Williams 1885Pax and Hoffmann 1934D. subg. Carthusianastrum F.N.Williams sect. Armerium F.N.WilliamsD. subg. Armeriastrum (Ser.) Pax & K.Hoffm. sect. Dianthus Armeriastrum Armerium F.N.WilliamsD. § 4. Dentati Boiss.D. subg. Carthusianastrum F.N.Williams sect. Suffruticosi F.N.WilliamsD. subg. Armeriastrum (Ser.) Pax & K.Hoffm. sect. Dianthus Armeriastrum Suffruticosi F.N.WilliamsD. § 5. Carthusiani Boiss.D. subg. Carthusianastrum F.N.Williams sect. Carthusiani (Boiss.) F.N.Williams [as " Carthusianum "]D. subg. Armeriastrum (Ser.) Pax & K.Hoffm. sect. Dianthus Armeriastrum Carthusiani (Boiss.) F.N.WilliamsD. subg. Caryophyllastrum F.N.Williams sect. Barbulatum F.N.WilliamsD. subg. Caryophyllum (Ser.) Pax & K.Hoffm. sect. Dianthus Caryophyllum Barbulatum F.N.Williams (D. sect. Chamaegarophalon Griseb.)D. subg. Caryophyllastrum F.N.Williams sect. Caryophyllum Ser. in CandolleD. subg. Caryophyllum (Ser.) Pax & K.Hoffm. sect. Dianthus Caryophyllum Eucaryophyllum Graebn.D. subg. Caryophyllastrum F.N.Williams sect. Imparjugum F.N.WilliamsD. § 3. Fimbriati Boiss.D. subg. Caryophyllastrum F.N.Williams sect. Fimbriati Boiss. [" Fimbriatum "]D. subg. Caryophyllum (Ser.) Pax & K.Hoffm. sect. " Plumaria " OpizD. § 1. Verruculosi Boiss.D. subg. Caryophyllastrum F.N.Williams sect. " Tetralepides Leiopetala " F.N.WilliamsD. subg. Caryophyllum (Ser.) Pax & K.Hoffm. sect. " Tetralepides Leiopetala " F.N.WilliamsD. § 2. Leiopetali Boiss.D. subg. Proliferastrum F.N.Williamsin Tunica Ludw.